Need to know Muscles

Muscle Name	Origin	Insertion	Action
Trapezius	Superior nuchal line of occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae and spines of C7 & all thorassic vertebrea	Clavicle & acrominion & spine of scapula	Adduction, rotation, retraction, elevation, and depression of scapula
Deltoid	clavicle, acromion of scapula, spine of the scapula	deltoid tuberosity of humerus	shoulder abduction, flexion and extension, rotation
Pectoralis Major	Clavicle sternum & costal cartilages of 2nd -> 6th ~ 7th rib	Greater tubercle and lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus of Humerus	Clavicular head: flexes the humerus Sternocostal head: extends the humerus As a whole, adducts and medially rotates the humerus. It also draws the scapula anteriorly and inferiorly.
Latissimus Dorsi	spinous processes of thoracic T7-T12 + Lumbars iliac & sacral crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs	Intertubercular sulcus of Humerus	adducts, extends and medially rotates the arm at the shoulder draws arm inferiorly & posteriorly
Biceps Brachii	short head: coracoid process of the scapula. long head: supraglenoid tubercle	radial tuberosity  of radius & bicipital aponeurosis	flexes elbow supinates forearm
Triceps Brachii	long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula lateral head: posterior humerus medial head: posterior humerus	olecranon process of ulna	extends forearm & arm
Flexor Carpi Radialis	medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon)	Bases of second and third metacarpal bones	Flexion and abduction at wrist
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris	Common extensor tendon (lateral epicondyle), posterior ulna	5th metacarpal	extends and adducts the wrist
Sartorius	Anterior Superior iliac spine	medial surface of the tibial body	Flexion of Knee Flexion Abducts & lateral rotation of Hip
Quadriceps Femoris (Rectus Femoris + Vastus Lateralis + Vastus Medialis + Vastus Intermedius)	Anterior inferior iliac spine Greater trochanter & line aspera of femur linea aspera of femur  anterior & lateral surface of femur body	Patella --> tibial tuberosity	Knee extension; Hip flexion (rectus femoris only)
Gluteus Maximus	Iliac crest sacrum coccyx aponeurosis of sacrospinalis	Gluteal tuberosity of the femur, iliotibial tract	extends thigh at hip joint laterally rotates thigh
Biceps Femoris	tuberosity of the ischium linea aspera of femur	head of fibula & lateral condyle of tibia	Flexes leg at knee joint Extends thigh at hip joint
Semitendinosus	tuberosity of the ischium	proximal part of medial surface shaft of tibia	flex knee, extend hip joint
Semimembranosus	Ischial Tuberosity	medial condyle of tibia	Flexs knee extends thigh at hip
Gastrocnemius	Lateral & medial condyles of femur & knee capsule	Calcaneus via achilles tendon	plantar flexes foot flexes knee
Soleus	Head of fibula medial border of tibia	Calcaneus via achilles tendon	plantarflexion
Tibialis Anterior	Lateral condyle & body of tibia interosseous membrane	1st metatarsal 1st Cuneiform	Dorsiflexion Inversion of the foot
Sternocleidomastoid	Sternum Clavicle	Mastoid Process	Flex Cspine Extends head Elevates Sternum (forced inhalation) Lateral flex & rotates head
Masseter	zygomatic arch maxilla	Angle of Mandible Ramus of Mandible	Elevates Mandible Retracts Mandible
Orbicularis Oris	Muscle fibers surrounding mouth opening	Skin at corners of the mouth	Protrudes lips compress lips Shapes lips for speech
Orbicularis Oculi	Medial wall of Orbit	Circular path around Orbit	closes eyelids
External Abdominal Oblique	Inferior 8 ribs	Iliac crest Linea Alba	Compress Abdomen Flex Vertebral Column Rotates Vertebral Column
Internal Abdominal Oblique	Inguinal ligament Iliac crest Thoracolumbar fascia	Linea alba Last 3~4 inferior ribs.	Compresses abdomen Flex Vertebral Column Rotates vertebral Column
Transversus Abdominis	Iliac crest inguinal ligament lumbar fascia cartilages of inferior six ribs	Xiphiod process linea alba pubis	compresses abdomen
Rectus Abdominis	Pubic Crest Pubic Symphysis	Costal cartilage of ribs 5-7 xiphoid process	Flexs vertebral column (esp Lumbar) compresses abdomen
Diaphragm	Circumference of body Xiphoid process of the sternum, costal cartilages & adjacent portions of the inferior 6 ribs lumbar vertebrae and their intervertebral discs and the 12th rib	Central Tendon	contraction of the diaphragm causes it to flatten and increases the vertical dimension of the thoracic resulting in inhalation; relaxation of the diaphragm causes it to move superiorly and decreases the vertical dimension of the thorassic cavity resulting in exhalation